Cov khoom siv twg zoo dua, carbon fiber, iav fiber lossis aramid?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peb cov fibers tuaj yeem pom thaum qhov ntom ntawm peb cov khoom sib piv. Yog tias koj ua 3 cov qauv ntawm tib qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav, nws sai sai pom tseeb tias Kevlar® fiber ntau sib dua, ua raws li carbon fiber, thiab E-iav fiber ntau yog qhov hnyav tshaj.
Yog li ntawd, rau tib qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, carbon fiber lossis Kevlar® tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog ntau dua. Hauv lwm lo lus, txhua tus qauv uas xav tau lub zog ua nrog carbon fiber lossis Kevlar® cov khoom sib xyaw yuav me dua lossis nyias dua li cov qauv ua nrog fiberglass.
Thaum cov qauv tau tsim thiab sim, nws tau pom tias fiberglass composite yuav luag ob zaug hnyav li Kevlar® lossis carbon fiber laminates. Qhov no txhais tau tias siv Kevlar® lossis carbon fiber tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau qhov hnyav.
Young's modulus yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm qhov tawv ntawm cov khoom siv elastic thiab yog ib txoj hauv kev piav qhia cov khoom. Nws yog txhais raws li qhov piv ntawm uniaxial (nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia) kev nyuaj siab rau uniaxial strain (deformation nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev). Young's modulus=stress/strain, uas txhais tau hais tias cov khoom siv nrog Young's modulus yog ib qho nyuaj dua li cov khoom siv nrog tus Young's modulus.
Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau, Kevlar® thiab fiberglass sib txawv hauv qhov nruj. Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau yog li ob npaug li tawv li aramid fiber ntau thiab tsib zaug tawv dua li iav fiber ntau. Lub downside rau carbon fiber lub superior rigidity yog hais tias nws nyhav ntau nkig. Thaum nws ua tsis tau, nws zoo li tsis pom ntau yam mob lossis deformation.
3. Flammability thiab thermal degradation
Ob leeg Kevlar® thiab carbon fiber yog resistant rau kub kub, thiab tsis muaj melting point. Ob qho khoom siv tau siv rau hauv cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv thiab cov ntaub siv hluav taws kub. Fiberglass thaum kawg yuav yaj tab sis kuj tseem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Tau kawg, kev siv cov frosted fiberglass hauv tsev kuj txhim kho hluav taws kub.
Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau thiab Kevlar® yog siv los ua kev tiv thaiv hluav taws los yog vuam pam lossis khaub ncaws. Cov hnab looj tes Kevlar feem ntau yog siv hauv kev lag luam nqaij los tiv thaiv tes thaum siv riam. Txij li cov fibers tsis tshua siv ib leeg, qhov kub tsis kam ntawm matrix (feem ntau epoxy) kuj tseem ceeb. Epoxy resins soften sai sai thaum raug tshav kub.
4. Kev coj ua
Cov pa roj carbon fiber ua hluav taws xob, tab sis Kevlar® thiab fiberglass tsis ua. Kevlar® yog siv rau cov txiv neej cov xov hlau hauv cov kav hlau txuas. Txawm hais tias nws tsis ua hluav taws xob, nws nqus dej, thiab dej ua hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv xws li daim ntawv thov, ib tug waterproof txheej yuav tsum tau siv rau saum Kevlar.
Vim tias carbon fiber ua hluav taws xob, galvanic corrosion ua teeb meem thaum nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lwm yam hlau.
5. UV degradation
Aramid fibers yuav degrade nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj thiab siab UV ib puag ncig. Cov pa roj carbon lossis iav fiber ntau tsis tshua muaj siab rau UV hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov feem ntau siv substrates xws li epoxy resin yuav dawb thiab poob lub zog yog tias sab laug hauv tshav ntuj. Polyester thiab vinyl ester resins yog resistant rau UV rays, tab sis tsis muaj zog tshaj epoxy resin.
6. Kev qaug zog
Yog hais tias ib feem yog pheej rov khoov thiab straightened, nws yuav nws thiaj li poob vim qaug zog. Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau yog me ntsis rhiab heev rau kev qaug zog thiab zoo li ua tsis tau zoo, thaum Kevlar® tiv taus kom qaug zog. Fiberglass yog qhov chaw nyob nruab nrab.
7. Hnav tsis kam
Kevlar® muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev txiav. Ib qho kev siv ntawm Kevlar® yog li cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv hauv thaj chaw uas txhais tes yuav raug txiav los ntawm iav los yog siv cov hniav ntse. Carbon fiber ntau thiab fiberglass tsis tshua muaj resistant.
8. Tshuaj tiv thaiv
Aramid fibers yog rhiab heev rau cov acids muaj zog, muaj zog hauv paus thiab qee cov oxidizing cov neeg ua haujlwm xws li sodium hypochlorite, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov fiber ntau degradation. Cov tshuaj chlorine bleaches (xws li Clorox®) thiab hydrogen peroxide tsis tuaj yeem siv nrog Kevlar®, cov pa tshuaj dawb (xws li sodium perborate) tuaj yeem siv yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj aramid fibers.
Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau ruaj khov thiab tsis hnov tsw rau tshuaj degradation. Txawm li cas los xij, epoxy matrix yuav degrade.
9. Matrix bonding kev ua tau zoo
Rau cov pa roj carbon fiber, Kevlar®, thiab iav kom ua tau zoo, lawv yuav tsum tau tuav hauv qhov chaw hauv matrix, feem ntau yog epoxy. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm ntawm epoxy resins los ua ke nrog ntau yam fibers yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Ob qho tib si carbon thiab iav fibers lo rau epoxy yooj yim, tab sis aramid fiber-epoxy daim ntawv cog lus tsis muaj zog raws li qhov xav tau, thiab qhov no txo qhov adhesion tso cai rau dej nkag mus. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, aramid fibers nyiam nqus dej, uas, ua ke nrog tsawg dua qhov zoo tshaj plaws adhesion rau epoxy, txhais tau hais tias yog tias qhov chaw ntawm Kevlar® sib xyaw puas lawm thiab dej tuaj yeem nkag mus, ces Kevlar® tuaj yeem nqus dej raws cov fibers, thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw.
